Proof of documents by primary evidence.

What this section does

As a general rule, documents must be proved by primary evidence — i.e., by producing the document itself before the Court. Secondary evidence is admissible only in the cases specifically provided for in the Act.

AI-generated plain-language summary. For the binding statutory text, see India Code (official).

The rule in one line

Documents must ordinarily be proved by primary evidence; secondary evidence is admissible only in the cases expressly permitted.

When it applies

• A party seeking to rely on a written contract must produce the original document unless a specific exception permitting secondary evidence applies.
• A registered will must be proved by producing the original unless it falls within one of the enumerated exceptions allowing secondary evidence.

Derived from IEA s.64.