Primary evidence.

What this section does

Primary evidence means the document itself produced for the Court's inspection. The section provides detailed explanations covering documents executed in parts or counterparts, documents produced by uniform processes such as printing, and — significantly expanding on the old IEA — electronic and digital records, including records stored in multiple files, records from proper custody, video recordings stored and transmitted simultaneously, and automated storage including temporary files, each of which constitutes primary evidence.

AI-generated plain-language summary. For the binding statutory text, see India Code (official).

The rule in one line

Primary evidence is the document itself produced before the Court; for electronic/digital records, each file stored simultaneously or sequentially, each stored video recording, and each automated storage (including temporary files) is primary evidence.

When it applies

• An original signed agreement produced before the Court is primary evidence of its contents.
• Where a video recording is simultaneously stored in electronic form and broadcast, each stored copy of that recording is primary evidence.

Derived from IEA s.62.