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BSA · Section 32 · Chapter II — RELEVANCY OF FACTS

Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form.

What this section does

When a court must form an opinion about the law of any foreign country, statements of such law contained in books purporting to be printed or published under the authority of that country's government are relevant. Reports of rulings of courts of that country contained in books purporting to be reports of such rulings (including in electronic or digital form) are also relevant.

AI-generated plain-language summary. For the binding statutory text, see India Code (official).

The rule in one line

Authoritative law books and law reports of a foreign country (including digital form) are relevant to prove that country's law.

When it applies

  • A court needs to determine the law of England on a contractual matter — a book published under the authority of the UK Government containing that law is relevant.
  • A question arises about a ruling of a US court — a book purporting to be a report of US court rulings is relevant to prove that ruling.
Old-law correspondence

Derived from IEA s.38.

Read the official text

For the binding statutory text of BSA Section 32, refer to the Gazette of India or the India Code official website.

Why this matters

BSA Section 32 forms part of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam which replaced the Indian Evidence Act 1872 on 1 July 2024. Any new filing, FIR, charge sheet, or bail application made on or after that date should cite the new section number. References to the old act in legacy documents remain valid for matters that arose before the changeover.