Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts.
What this section does
Facts that are the occasion, cause, or effect (immediate or otherwise) of relevant facts or facts in issue, or that constitute the state of things under which they happened, or that afforded an opportunity for their occurrence, are relevant. This section extends relevancy to contextual and circumstantial background facts.
AI-generated plain-language summary. For the binding statutory text, see India Code (official).
The rule in one line
Facts that are the occasion, cause, effect, or enabling circumstances of a fact in issue or relevant fact are themselves relevant.
When it applies
- The fact that B went to a fair with money shortly before being robbed, and showed it to others, is relevant to the question of whether A robbed B.
- Marks of a struggle near the place of murder are relevant as effects of the fact in issue.
Derived from IEA s.7.
Read the official text
For the binding statutory text of BSA Section 5, refer to the Gazette of India or the India Code official website.
Why this matters
BSA Section 5 forms part of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam which replaced the Indian Evidence Act 1872 on 1 July 2024. Any new filing, FIR, charge sheet, or bail application made on or after that date should cite the new section number. References to the old act in legacy documents remain valid for matters that arose before the changeover.