Grounds of opinion, when relevant.
What this section does
Whenever the opinion of a living person is relevant, the grounds or reasoning on which that opinion is based are also relevant. This allows courts to assess the basis and reliability of expert or other opinion evidence.
AI-generated plain-language summary. For the binding statutory text, see India Code (official).
The rule in one line
The grounds underlying any relevant opinion are themselves relevant facts.
When it applies
- An expert witness may describe the experiments or tests performed to arrive at a forensic opinion, and that account is relevant.
- A handwriting expert may explain the specific features — letter formation, pen pressure — that led to the opinion that two documents share the same author.
Derived from IEA s.51.
Read the official text
For the binding statutory text of BSA Section 45, refer to the Gazette of India or the India Code official website.
Why this matters
BSA Section 45 forms part of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam which replaced the Indian Evidence Act 1872 on 1 July 2024. Any new filing, FIR, charge sheet, or bail application made on or after that date should cite the new section number. References to the old act in legacy documents remain valid for matters that arose before the changeover.