Judges and Magistrates.

What this section does

No Judge or Magistrate can be compelled to answer questions about their own conduct in court or about anything that came to their knowledge in their judicial capacity, except on a special order of a superior court. They may, however, be examined about other matters that occurred in their presence while acting in that capacity.

AI-generated plain-language summary. For the binding statutory text, see India Code (official).

The rule in one line

Judges and Magistrates are protected from compelled testimony about their judicial conduct or court knowledge absent a superior court's special order.

When it applies

• A Magistrate B cannot be compelled to answer questions about how he recorded a deposition unless a superior court so orders (illustration a).
• A Sessions Judge who witnessed an attempted murder in his courtroom may be examined about what he observed (illustration c).

Derived from IEA s.121.